Means towards congruence: An activity-theoretical approach

Scholars of the Cultural Historic Activity Theory (CHAT) tradition have long
regarded activity as invariably laced with contradiction(s). These can build up,
and possibly create disturbances for practice. In some circumstances, they can
provoke intentional improvement initiatives so revolutionary that the motive and
object are recast. More recently, enthusiasm is found in what might be considered
its counterpart: congruence. Far from impeding activity, these sources of stability
are praised with promoting its continuity. The present study explores congruence.
Specifically, it examines the equally intentional means by which it is worked
towards. The role(s) of bricolage and improvisation attract heightened scrutiny,
as do areas of challenge. This interpretive, qualitative study employs a practice
theory, activity theory. Critical incident technique (CIT) is also appropriated.
Empirical work was carried out in IT provision in UK academia; 22 IT practitioners
from 6 UK universities participated in semi-structured interviews (SSI),
contributing qualitative data. Qualitative data analysis was undertaken. A tri-fold
conceptualisation results. Foremost, seven heterogeneous means towards
congruence are unearthed: information behavior (IB); working together;
change(s) to/of tool(s) and/or resource(s); conduct relative to rule(s) and/or
norm(s); workarounds; improvisation; and bricolage. These are further
conceptualised as interacting constituents of greater congruence efforts. For the
final facet, challenges to and/or associated with overarching congruence efforts
are presented in six areas. These include: tool(s) and/or resource(s);
comprehension and/or understanding; social conflict; labour; adherence to rule(s)
and/or norm(s); and unrealised, potential risk(s). Once outlined fully, the
contribution to academia is emphasised, as is value to practice. Limitations are
acknowledged and opportunities for future research are recognised.