This thesis is an examination of the selection, introduction, use
and effects on job design and work organisation of a particular
form of new technology: Computer Numerically Controlled machine
tools (CNC).
Part One, Chapters 1 - 6, reviews the new technology literature
and the historical development of contemporary approaches to
job design and work organisation. From this examination, a
conceptual framework is constructed showing the factors which
influence and guide the choices that organisations make with
regard to new technology. It draws special attention to the role
played by the values, beliefs, self-interest and power of individuals and groups within organisations, and the philosophy and
precepts of Scientific Management. The section concludes by
describing the aims, objectives and methods of the research, and
by examining the development of, and literature regarding, CNC.
Part Two, Chapters 7 - 10, presents case studies of the introduction and use of CNC into nine engineering companies, differentiated according to company size and product batch size.
Part Three, Chapter 11, presents the conclusions from the study.
It firstly compares the case studies with each other, and then
with the conceptual framework. It shows that the empirical
studies supported the framework, but that two additional factors
need to be taken into account: (a) that there is a need to
recognise that those involved in the process of technological
change can be "dazzled" by the technology, and (b) that the
change process can be significantly affected by the competence
of those involved. Nevertheless, the conceptual framework,
and especially the influence of Scientific Management, are
confirmed. The Chapter concludes by putting forward guidelines
for the introduction of new technology.