Development of Graphene Oxide-Based Forward Osmosis Membranes for Water Desalination

Forward osmosis (FO) has emerged attention for its potential in water purification owing to low energy consumption and utilisation of osmotic gradients. However, challenges with conventional polymeric membranes, such as fouling and limited selectivity, impose advancements in membrane materials. Graphene oxide (GO) emerges as a promising alternative due to its unique structure and properties.
This research aims to develop scalable GO-based laminar membranes for FO, balancing desalination efficiency and long-term stability while mitigating fouling and internal concentration polarization (ICP). Moreover, it advances GO-based membrane technology for FO applications via innovative fabrication methods and chemical modifications. The findings in this research underscore the potential of tailored GO membranes to address critical challenges in water purification technologies, paving the way for efficient and durable FO membranes in practical applications.