Immunofluorescent imaging in live cells

Immunofluorescent staining continues to be a crucial technique for determining the cellular localisation of proteins of interest. However, the need to fix the cells prevents its use in time-resolved approaches and can create imaging artefacts. In this project I was developing a new method for immunofluorescence in living cells. The B-subunit of cholera toxin (CTB), which has the ability to non-toxically induce endocytosis upon binding to the cell surface, was used to deliver antibody mimetics (called Affimers) into the endomembrane system of human cells.