Quiñones Valles, Diego A. (2017) Detection of space-time perturbations with quantum-enhanced metrology. PhD thesis, University of Leeds.
Abstract
We present a new model of atomic decoherence by space-time perturbations. We propose that decoherence will arise as a result of two possible effects that gravitational fluctuations will have on the atom. One is that the nucleus will be displaced relative to the valence electron, which will be perceived as a sudden change in the electric potential. This will result in the wave function of the atom being partially projected into lower energy levels. The other is that the strain in space will change the local electric field as felt by the electron. This interaction will either induce a change in the angular momentum of the atom or a small shift in the transition of the energy levels, presenting two different experimental approaches for the detection of the effect. We calculate how the decoherence is related to the internal degrees of freedom of the atoms, obtaining that the effect will be more prominent for atoms initially in a highly excited state (Rydberg atoms). By applying the nuclear displacement model for the scatter- ing of neutral particles, we suggest that it could be potentially useful for the detection of weakly-interacting particles, like possible candi- dates of Dark Matter. The overall effect of gravitational waves for the strained-space model was calculated to be several orders of magnitude higher than for the nuclear displacement model, allowing for detection in different ranges of frequencies. We analyze how different quantum states are affected according to the proposed model, calculating that the information from the measurement of correlated atoms will be significantly higher. The optimal quantum state that minimizes the uncertainty of the measurement is described for an arbitrary number of atoms, giving a relation that follows closely the Heisenberg limit.
Metadata
Supervisors: | Varcoe, Benjamin T. H. |
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Related URLs: | |
Keywords: | Quantum metrology, Decoherence, AMO physics, Dark matter, Gravitational waves, Gravitational background, Rydberg atoms, Atomic spectroscopy, Rabi oscillations, Collective interactions, Entangled states, Particle scattering, Heisenberg limit |
Awarding institution: | University of Leeds |
Academic Units: | The University of Leeds > Faculty of Maths and Physical Sciences (Leeds) The University of Leeds > Faculty of Maths and Physical Sciences (Leeds) > School of Physics and Astronomy (Leeds) |
Identification Number/EthosID: | uk.bl.ethos.733571 |
Depositing User: | Dr Diego A. Quiñones Valles |
Date Deposited: | 15 Feb 2018 12:06 |
Last Modified: | 25 Jul 2018 09:56 |
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID): | oai:etheses.whiterose.ac.uk:19249 |
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