Sustainable urban development in the Kampung Improvement Programme : a case study of Jakarta - Indonesia.

Recently, "sustainable development" has become the key concept in the
integration of environmental and economic policy. However, little literature considers
the links between sustainable development and urban development. This research
focuses on these concepts and attempts to develop the term sustainable urban
development through an investigation of the "Kampung Improvement Programme
(KIP)", and particularly, a case study of Jakarta - Indonesia.
The main objectives of the research are to examine the sustainability of KIPMIlT
in Jakarta, specifically to analyse the physical, economic, social and
environmental characteristics that positively affect urban systems and should be
considered as a component of sustainable urban development as a means of improving
quality of life and standards of living.
The analysis is based on the data collected from two types of kampung areas:
improved kampungs and unimproved kampungs. Moreover, each of these have two
types of surveys: the household survey which examines the extent of movement of the
people to the urban kampungs and their physical, social and economic living
conditions; and the leadership survey which examines the extent to which kampungs
settlers have participation, opinions, perception and satisfaction in the KIP.
The study concludes that the impact of KIP of the kampung study areas in
Jakarta has been to improve not only the physical and environment conditions but also
the social and economic conditions of the people as a means of increasing the standards
of living and improving the quality of life. In considering the implications of these
findings on sustainable urban development in Jakarta, it is shown that the KIP has been
concerned with the creation of balanced urban development which does not jeopardise
future generations. It is based on social, economic, physical and environment
activities, and integrated approach among the government, community participation
and international agencies.