Effect of gravity on inertial particle clustering and the Lagrangian attractors in Kinematic Simulation with different energy spectra

We study the clustering of inertial particles using a periodic kinematic simulation. A pre-defined Fourier based Eulerian flow field is established. The systematic Lagrangian tracking of particlesmakes it possible to identify the particles’ clustering patterns for different
values of particle inertia and drift velocity. The different cases are characterised by different pairs of Stokes number (St) and Froude number (Fr).